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  Quality Management Revolution        
 From the Presuppositions of the 18th century to the Triggers of the 20th century


1700-1900

The Presuppositions

1700-1900Quality is largely determined by the efforts of an individual craftsman. Eli Whitney introduces standardized, interchangeable parts to simplify assembly (24.02.2023 on this, however, there are beginning to be doubts to be filled with clear evidence)

Quality is largely determined by the efforts of an individual craftsman. Eli Whitney (December 8, 1765 – January 8, 1825) introduces standardized, interchangeable parts to simplify assembly (24.02.2023 on this, however, there are beginning to be doubts to be filled with clear evidence) .
Frederick W. Taylor introduces Scientific Management principles to divide work into smaller, more easily accomplished unit, the first approach to dealing with more complex products and processes. The focus was on productivity. Later contributors were Frank Gilbreth and Henry Gantt.

1875 Frederick W. Taylor introduces “Scientific Management” principles to divide work into smaller, more easily accomplished units—the first approach to dealing with more complex products and processes. The focus was on productivity. Later contributors were Frank Gilbreth and Henry Gantt.

1877-1977

The preconditions

1900-1930Henry Ford. the assembly line. further refinement of work methods to improve productivity and quality; Ford developed mistake-proof assembly concepts, self-checking, and in-process inspection..

Henry Ford—the assembly line—further refinement of work methods to improve productivity and quality; Ford developed mistake-proof assembly concepts, self-checking, and in-process inspection.
in the early 20th Century, Iohn Wolfe Barry helped establish the British Standards Institution, to produce material and production standards, some of which still apply to this day. Prior to that he advised on setting up a National Physical Laboratory which would be responsible for physical standards..

1901 in the early 20th Century, Iohn Wolfe Barry helped establish the British Standards Institution, to produce material and production standards, some of which still apply to this day. Prior to that he advised on setting up a National Physical Laboratory which would be responsible for physical standards.

1907-1908AT&T begins systematic inspection and testing of products and materials.

AT&T begins systematic inspection and testing of products and materials.
W. S. Gosset (writing as Student) introduces the t-distribution results from his work on quality control at Guinness Brewery.

1908W. S. Gosset (writing as “Student”) introduces the t-distribution results from his work on quality control at Guinness Brewery

1915-1919WWI British government begins a supplier certification program.

WWI British government begins a supplier certification program..
Technical Inspection Association is formed in England; this later becomes the Institute of Quality Assurance.

1919Technical Inspection Association is formed in England; this later becomes the Institute of Quality Assurance.

AT&T Bell Laboratories forms a quality department emphasizing quality, inspection and test, and product reliability.

1920 AT&T Bell Laboratories forms a quality departmen emphasizing quality, inspection and test, and product reliability.

1920B. P. Dudding at General Electric in England uses statistical methods to control the quality of electric lamps.

B. P. Dudding at General Electric in England uses statistical methods to control the quality of electric lamps..
Walter A. Shewhart started collecting data and Developing Statistics to create simple charts dealing with quality control

1920Walter A. Shewhart started collecting data and Developing Statistics to create simple charts dealing with quality control

1922-1923 R. A. Fisher publishes series of fundamental papers on designed experiments and their application to the agricultural sciences.

R. A. Fisher publishes series of fundamental papers on designed experiments and their application to the agricultural sciences.

1932 W. A. Shewhart gives lectures on statistical methods in production and control charts at the University of London

W. A. Shewhart gives lectures on statistical methods in production and control charts at the University of London
British textile and woolen industry and German chemical industry begin use of designed experiments for product/process development.

1922-1933British textile and woolen industry and German chemical industry begin use of designed experiments for product/process development.

1938W. E. Deming invites Shewhart to present seminars on control charts at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Graduate School.

"W. E. Deming invites Shewhart to present seminars on control charts at the U.S. Department of Agriculture Graduate School.
The U.S. War Department publishes a guide for using control charts to analyze process data.

1940The U.S. War Department publishes a guide for using control charts to analyze process data.

1940Deming Used The thesis developed by Shewhart and creates a Asystem calle statistica process Contro or SPC

Deming Used The thesis developed by Shewhart and creates a Asystem calle statistica process Contro or SPC

1940-1943 Bell Labs develop the forerunners of the military standard sampling plans for the U.S. Army

Bell Labs develop the forerunners of the military standard sampling plans for the U.S. Army

1942-1946 Training courses on statistical quality control are given to industry; more than 15 quality societies are formed in North America.

Training courses on statistical quality control are given to industry; more than 15 quality societies are formed in North America.

1945 From 1945 to 1950 there was a rapid economic development

From 1945 to 1950 there was a rapid economic development

1946 The Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) is formed..

the Japanese Union of Scientists and Engineers (JUSE) is formed.
The American Society for Quality Control (ASQC) is formed as the merger of various quality societies.

1946 The American Society for Quality Control (ASQC) is formed as the merger of various quality societies.

In 1946 the American Society for Quality Control was founded.

1946 In 1946 the American Society for Quality Control was founded.

1946 The International Standards Organization (ISO) is founded.

The International Standards Organization (ISO) is founded.
Deming is invited to give statistical quality control seminars to Japanese industry

1946 Deming is invited to give statistical quality control seminars to Japanese industry

1948 Deming is invited to Japan by the Economic and Scientific Services Section of the U.S. War Department to help occupation forces in rebuilding Japanese industry

Deming is invited to Japan by the Economic and Scientific Services Section of the U.S. War Department to help occupation forces in rebuilding Japanese industry

1948 Taguchi begins study and application of experimental design

Taguchi begins study and application of experimental design

1950 During 1950 many japanese products were low quality and viewed by the world as a Junnk products

During 1950 many japanese products were low quality and viewed by the world as a Junnk products
Nuclear, aerospace and petrochemical sectors (technical organizational specifications)

1950 Nuclear, aerospace and petrochemical sectors (technical organizational specifications)

1950 Deming begins education of Japanese industrial managers; statistical quality control methods begin to be widely taught in Japan.

1950 Deming begins education of Japanese industrial managers; statistical quality control methods begin to be widely taught in Japan.
Japanese Businesses started to use Qality management practise in many of their manufacturing plants

1950 Japanese Businesses started to use Qality management practise in many of their manufacturing plants

1951 A. V. Feigenbaum publishes the first edition of his book, Total Quality Control.

19511951 A. V. Feigenbaum publishes the first edition of his book, Total Quality Control.

1951 A. V. JUSE establishes the Deming Prize for significant achievement in quality control and quality methodology

1951 1951 A. V. JUSE establishes the Deming Prize for significant achievement in quality control and quality methodology

1954 Joseph M. Juran is invited by the Japanese to lecture on quality management and improvement. British statistician E. S. Page introduces the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart

1954 1954 Joseph M. Juran is invited by the Japanese to lecture on quality management and improvement. British statistician E. S. Page introduces the cumulative sum (CUSUM) control chart.

1957 1957 J. M. Juran and F. M. Gryna’s Quality Control Handbook is first published.

1957 J. M. Juran and F. M. Gryna’s Quality Control Handbook is first published.
Issue of the ML.Q 9958A standard

1959 Issue of the ML.Q 9958A standard

1961Shigeo Shingo introduced the concept of poka-yoke (pronounced POH-kah YOH-kay) in 1961, when he was an industrial engineer at Toyota Motor Corp.

Shigeo Shingo introduced the concept of poka-yoke (pronounced POH-kah YOH-kay) in 1961, when he was an industrial engineer at Toyota Motor Corp.

1962 Birth of the first quality circles with Kauro Isikawa

Birth of the first quality circles with Kauro Isikawa
IN USA appendixB law CFR 50 18 Ref. Mandatory for nuclear installations

1970 IN USA appendixB law CFR 50 18 Ref. Mandatory for nuclear installations

1977-1987

The precipitants

1978 Issue of BS 5750 series standards

Issue of BS 5750 series standards

1979 In 1979 the aforementioned Technical Committee TC 176 was established, which had the task of drawing up the first standards, and today has the task of updating these standards

1987-1990

The triggers

The international origanization of Standardizazion (ISO) developed a standard for quality management calls THE ISO 9000. The Standard is Now used Successufully by many organization around the world and is aidely accepts as a quality management "Gold Standard"

1987 The international origanization of Standardizazion (ISO) developed a standard for quality management calls THE ISO 9000. The Standard is Now used Successufully by many organization around the world and is aidely accepts as a quality management "Gold Standard"

1988 The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is established by the U.S. Congress.

The Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award is established by the U.S. Congress."

1989 The journal Quality Engineering appears.

The journal Quality Engineering appears.
IAF

1993 ll 28 gennaio 1993 fu costituito l'IAF.

19941994 GM, Chrysler and Ford develop the QS 9000 standard, designed to supplement ISO 9001 1994 and provide one common quality system for automotive suppliers

1994 GM, Chrysler and Ford develop the QS 9000 standard, designed to supplement ISO 9001 1994 and provide one common quality system for automotive suppliers
Marc Timoty Smith.

1996 Marc Timoty Smith open The first website with the aim of spreading the principles of total quality free of charge. The Site allowed for years the sharing of the experiences of industry experts from large international groups among themselves and with students from all over the world.

1999The international Automotive Task Force ( consiting of GM, Ford, Chrysler, VW, FIAT, Renault, Peugeot, Citroen, BMW and Daimler Benz), Announces that QS-9000 wil be replaced with ISO TS 16949, consolidating requirements for all international manufactures.

The international Automotive Task Force, consiting of GM, Ford, Chrysler, VW, FIAT, Renault, Peugeot, Citroen, BMW and Daimler Benz, Announces that QS-9000 wil be replaced with ISO TS 16949, consolidating requirements for all international manufactures.

1990-2020

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